Consumo WLTP vs EPA: conversión de L/100 km a MPG, aerodinámica y presión de neumáticos
Por qué difieren los ciclos WLTP y EPA, fórmulas exactas entre L/100 km y MPG, y cómo influye la velocidad en la resistencia aerodinámica.
| US MPG to L/100 km Formula | L/100 km = 235.215 ÷ MPG (US gallon = 3.7854 L) |
|---|---|
| UK Imperial MPG Formula | L/100 km = 282.481 ÷ MPG UK (Imp gallon = 4.5461 L) |
| Aerodynamic Drag Power | Proportional to velocity cubed (v³) above 90 km/h |
| Under-Inflation Penalty | -0.4 bar (-6 PSI) increases rolling resistance ~8–10% |
1. WLTP 4-Phase Cycle vs EPA 5-Cycle Testing
The UNECE Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP) runs a 23.25 km dynamometer cycle at 23 °C without air conditioning. The U.S. EPA 5-cycle methodology blends city, highway, high-speed (80 mph / 129 km/h), 95 °F (35 °C) A/C operation, and 20 °F (-7 °C) cold-start tests, typically yielding ratings closer to real-world highway and winter consumption.